Dab tsi yog cov khoom noj 7?
Thaum nws los tswj lub cev noj qab haus huv, kev noj zaub mov kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tib neeg lub cev xav tau ntau yam khoom noj sib txawv txhawm rau ua haujlwm kom zoo, thiab txhua tus ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev noj qab haus huv. Muaj xya yam khoom noj tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm txhua tus neeg noj. Cov zaub mov no suav nrog carbohydrates, proteins, rog, vitamins, minerals, fiber, thiab dej.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog rau tib neeg lub cev. Muaj ob hom carbohydrates: yooj yim thiab complex. Cov carbohydrates yooj yim, lossis cov suab thaj, muaj nyob hauv cov khoom noj xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, mis nyuj, thiab khoom qab zib. Complex carbohydrates, ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj nyob hauv cov khoom noj xws li cov nplej thiab zaub.
Thaum noj cov carbohydrates, lawv tau tawg mus rau hauv qabzib, uas yog siv los ntawm lub cev rau lub zog. Carbohydrates kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib.
Cov protein
Proteins yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim thiab kho cov ntaub so ntswg hauv lub cev. Lawv kuj tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov enzymes, cov tshuaj hormones, thiab lwm yam molecules uas tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Proteins yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acids, uas feem ntau hu ua lub tsev blocks ntawm lub neej.
Muaj ob hom amino acids: qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis tseem ceeb. Qhov tseem ceeb amino acids tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lub cev, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau txais los ntawm kev noj haus. Cov khoom noj uas muaj protein ntau muaj xws li nqaij, ntses, qe, thiab taum.
Cov rog
Cov rog yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog rau lub cev. Lawv kuj ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev nqus cov vitamins, tsim cov tshuaj hormones, thiab saib xyuas cov tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv thiab plaub hau. Muaj ntau ntau hom rog, suav nrog saturated, unsaturated, thiab trans fats.
Saturated fats feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv tsiaj cov khoom xws li nqaij thiab mis nyuj, thaum unsaturated fats muaj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov raws li cog xws li txiv ntseej thiab noob. Trans fats, uas tau ua tiav heev thiab feem ntau pom hauv cov khoom ntim thiab ua tiav, yuav tsum zam.
Cov vitamins
Cov vitamins yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv zoo. Muaj 13 cov vitamins sib txawv uas lub cev xav tau, thiab txhua tus ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv lub cev ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, vitamin C yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev tsim cov collagen, thaum vitamin D yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov pob txha noj qab haus huv.
Cov vitamins tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau yam khoom noj, suav nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, khoom noj siv mis, thiab nqaij. Qee tus neeg yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj vitamin kom paub meej tias lawv tau txais cov vitamins txaus.
Cov ntxhia
Minerals kuj tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv. Muaj ntau ntau cov zaub mov txawv uas lub cev xav tau, suav nrog calcium, hlau, thiab potassium. Cov zaub mov no ua lub luag haujlwm hauv txhua yam ntawm cov pob txha noj qab haus huv mus rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Minerals tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom noj, nrog rau cov khoom noj siv mis, nqaij, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab zaub. Qee tus neeg yuav tsum tau noj cov zaub mov ntxiv kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tau txais cov zaub mov txaus.
Fiber ntau
Fiber yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab nyob zoo digestive system. Nws kuj tseem pab tswj cov ntshav qab zib kom tsawg, txo cov roj cholesterol, thiab txhawb kev zoo siab. Muaj ob hom fiber ntau: soluble thiab insoluble.
Soluble fiber muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj xws li oats, taum, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thaum insoluble fiber muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj xws li tag nrho cov nplej thiab zaub. Ob hom fiber ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Dej
Dej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej. Tib neeg lub cev yog tsim los ntawm kwv yees li 60% dej, thiab nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau txhua yam los ntawm kev tswj lub cev kub kom thauj cov as-ham thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm lub cev.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nyob twj ywm los ntawm kev haus dej kom ntau thiab lwm yam kua dej txhua hnub. Tus nqi npaum li cas ntawm cov dej uas tus neeg xav tau yuav nyob ntawm seb lub cev qhov hnyav, qib kev ua haujlwm, thiab huab cua.
Xaus
Hauv kev xaus, muaj xya yam khoom noj tseem ceeb uas txhua tus yuav tsum suav nrog hauv lawv cov zaub mov. Cov zaub mov no suav nrog carbohydrates, proteins, rog, vitamins, minerals, fiber, thiab dej. Los ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom zoo uas suav nrog ntau yam khoom noj sib txawv, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom lub cev tau txais tag nrho cov as-ham uas nws yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo thiab tswj kev noj qab haus huv.